Carbon Sciences CO2-to-Carbonate technology is an industrial platform for transforming CO2 emissions into high value carbonate products. The initial application of this technology is a process that will transform CO2 into a high value chemical compound (Precipitated Calcium Carbonate or PCC), currently used in the production of paper, pharmaceuticals and plastics. Unlike existing methods of production, our proprietary process will be carbon neutral, use less energy, and result in a lower cost product.

The multi-billion dollar global market for PCC is projected to grow to 10 million tons by 2010. This growth is primarily due to increased worldwide paper consumption and construction. Of the forecasted total, approximately 70% of the PCC produced is expected to be used by the paper industry as brightness coating and filler.

A Lower Cost Clean-Tech Process

The traditional PCC production process uses expensive raw materials, consumes a great deal of energy and emits CO2. Carbon Sciences CO2-to-Carbonate technology, on the hand, uses inexpensive raw materials (waste materials from industrial operations and CO2 emissions), consumes less energy and reduces CO2 by transforming it into PCC.

	Expensive raw materials - high quality lime Cost of raw materials will increase over time Energy intensive process Carbon Positive - CO2 emitted in the process
	Inexpensive raw materials     - CO2 (~ $0)     - Industrial waste materials (~ $0) Energy efficient process Carbon Neutral - CO2 captured in the process Potential for carbon credit subsidies to further reduce PCC cost

Based on our current research and development efforts, we believe that our CO2-to-Carbonate technology can produce PCC at a lower cost than the traditional PCC process. Additionally, when carbon credit markets are widely developed, customers will automatically realize additional cost reductions as the CO2 consumed in process is sold as carbon credits.

Enabling a Carbon Neutral Paper Industry

Today, the paper industry is the largest consumer of PCC. However, because it is a major consumer of energy, a cause of CO2 emissions and deforestation, it is under tremendous customer and social pressure to reduce its carbon footprint.

A paper mill with an integrated CO2-to-Carbonate plant will be able to transform its existing CO2 emissions into PCC for immediate use in paper production, thereby moving one step closer to carbon neutrality. We believe that our CO2-to-Carbonate will be welcomed by paper industry because it offers two very important benefits - lower cost and carbon neutrality.